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Hayles: Unfinished Work-From cyborg to cognisphere, and Nakamuras Cyberrace

Even though we have come across the idea of information flows between man and machine before, the term ‘cognisphere’ (as quoted in Hayles’ paper) presented it from a different angle for me, and was helpful for me to visualise. It brings it alive and ties everything together- comprised of anything that can process or carry information, and of course the main info carriers/processors are machines. She then highlights some of the (more subtle) changes that the cognisphere is bringing about- e.g. shifts in reading practises from deep attention to hyper attention, distributed cognition, dispersed sense of self. I wonder if there are different levels of hyper attention, and any advantages/disadvantages? I’ve mentioned before about my problem reading from a computer screen- I can’t concentrate as much as something paper-based. As a result I have turned into a headline reader- dozens of snippits of info every day- like Twitter in a way- so compared to my pre-internet self, I now know a little about a lot more, so maybe have a broader range of data from which I can cherry-pick what interests me and then delve into that. But the depth of knowledge I have about a number of topics is less as a result of my hyper-attention- is it rewiring my brain in any way, does it affect other cognitive processes? (still haven’t forked out on a Kindle- it might turn things around).

Another powerful idea from this paper for me was the simple phrase ‘what we make and what we think co-evolve together’. Over the last couple of weeks the dystopic view of the internet/technology has been on my mind again. I posted some thoughts here on Sarah’s blog as she made a comment about who will protect those who aren’t able to protect themselves in an online/ networked environment. By default, Nakamuras’(Cyberrace paper) phrase ‘digital promiscuity’ seems to the norm (for younger users at least) for online behaviour. I just wonder how this will develop over the next while as we have the ability to create our virtual identities (I like Nakamura’s comparison of our online identity to a program in perpetual beta release), but kids are especially vulnerable as the notion of an online identity itself is still in its early stages, so adults still don’t have a behavioural ‘model’ or code of practise with which to instruct them.

I came across an interesting article in The Age today (which I can’t seem to find in the online edition) regarding young people, politics and social networking. It expressed concern that today’s youth won’t be prepared to lead Australia in the future, not apparently being as conscientious we would like them to be, instead they are swayed with the idea of fame and spending time being ‘idle’ with activities such as Facebook and Twitter online. Can’t remember the statistic, but political party memberships for young people are at about a fifth of what they used to be, and political knowledge/awareness is extremely low for people in their twenties and probably won’t grow as they age. But then it highlighted the fact that young people are actually leveraging social networks to rally together with speed when something affects them directly, so action is more issue-based and personal, and can in some cases bypass the political middleman. So this shows again maybe the net gens’ thinking evolving with technology, and a shift in the order of the way things operate.

Nakamura also mentions something we discussed a little at the start of this course- the way technology can marginalise people and create poverty- she says that the net had an early claim to transform and eliminate both race and labour. But digital communication technologies have ‘racialised’ labour in a way, with poorer countries being exploited for support desks, through a knock-on effect of internet economic activity, or the dumping of old hardware in these countries and subsequent scavenging for any precious materials.

It was also in the news this week that McAfee have warned of the reality of cyber-terrorism in the future. So far the internet has been getting increasingly popular, if something like this happens apart from the obvious clamp down on security, it might also force us to re-assess our dependence on it, which also makes us extremely vulnerable. It might take something like this to take us to Activity 2.0.

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Summary of Week 8

Most of Week 8 was spend drowning in the feminist cyborg world of Haraway! I was none the wiser after two readings. I did pick a lot up from links other people tweeted though. Luckily the Hayles’ reading wasn’t as dense. I need to add some more thoughts to these ideas behind cyborgs and posthumanism. I can’t seem to critique it at the moment though as I’m still trying to grasp some of it and I don’t just want to repeat what some of the papers say.

I did do a good bit of websearching around cyborgs and that. I think I came across Kevin Warwick in another module a few years ago. It’s an interesting perspective he has- maybe for some it is a bit taboo at the moment with opinions and a standpoint that is too futuristic and ‘out there’. But as technology ‘colonises our daily life’  it will be inevitable that implants in the body will move on from those with medical benefits or cosmetic purposes.

Again most of my lifestream feeds have been from Delicious, Twitter and Youtube or blog posts. Over the last few weeks I’ve tried to vary them, but found that I end up purposely trying to find things from different sources- I don’t just want to search Flickr for ‘cyborg’ and feed the result if it means nothing to me. I suppose I’m sticking to what I would normally use outside of the course. Will make another effort over the coming weeks though for a bit of variation.

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Summary of Week 7

Week 7 was mostly spend researching and compiling my ethnography on Irish music. I had wanted to use Prezi for it, but ended up spending most of my time reading posts from the site and going off in various tangents around the web. So when the time came the easiest thing to do was blog it. I found that I needed ideas for structure and ‘voice’, so some of the secondary readings and examples of ethnographies were helpful.

I did find in various forums and sites some resistance to technology- some people were suggesting that technology was great for spreading music- youtube, forums, meeting people- then there were those who seemed to be very protective of the music- I think they felt threatened that using the web would somehow take away from the essence of a traditional session. And the irony being that they used the web to say this! Might be interesting in the future when bandwidth opens up to see realtime collaboration- I imagine there would be some resistance to this also.

It also struck me once again just how much info is available- a lot of people in ‘The Session’ suggested just looking up a tune in Youtube if you wanted to find it- a lot of the users I came across weren’t too tech saavy, but passion for the music drove them to understand forums, up/downloading, file management, youtube etc. – their usage of technology was directly related to their activities in real life.

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Cyborgs

I think when we hear the word ‘cyborg’, we immediately get the frightening image of Arnold Schwarzenegger in Terminator guise (or similar pop culture examples), which can influence the way we see the relationship between man and machine. Can we become super-humans?….is it man or machine?…or both? ?….is this morally right? Likewise, you could be put off by hearing that ‘posthuman’ meant total disembodiment, our consciousness not being central to our existence, or being able to download the contents of the brain to a disk.

I think it is a big, big area for consideration spanning philosophy, biology. I.T., cognitive science and much more. From a certain angle it does offer some insights though, and it may be useful to reassess what we regard as ‘human’, or to look at some actual examples of cyborgs.

By creating tools and artifacts, mankind has always sought to distribute cognition, and make life easier. Technology has moved on, and we can now implant tools in the body, so the modern take on this would be something along the lines of the work of Kevin Warwick. Humans can live with some embedded technological device (hearing aids, pacemakers etc.) which in a lot of cases improves the quality of life. And it can be argued that we are all cyborgs as we use computers, iPhones etc. in our daily life. I hadn’t come across the idea, as Kevin Warwick stresses, of a ‘cybernetic organism’ being a ‘network of communication and control’- systems of interrelating parts, with each part cyborg-like as well as the whole. Halloway draws on other areas such as social studies to argue that the cyborg is a liberating notion, freeing us from the male-dominated, gender-orientated past.

This feeds into posthumanism also, which Hayles points out involves humans as information systems, intelligent machines, a collection of components or regards the body as the ‘original prosthesis’. The boundaries are blurred a bit and change as to what constitutes the person, so we could suffer the potential loss of individualism. Essentially we would be, like machines, vehicles for information flow. The idea does seem a little cold, but it is quite powerful. We can easily integrate with machines, and be part of a wider system of flow and feedback. When you look at humans using virtual reality or using some high tech device- they become a natural extension of us, all part of the one system.

Apart from the medical, philosophical or religious questions that this raises, it could cause a divide in the future in terms of who embraces it and who doesn’t. Those who don’t may be left behind and not evolve.

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US Military CYBORG BEETLES – Part Bug, Part Robot

Just a couple of weeks old..

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Some more advances for the cybernetic future..

Shows some possible medical applications..

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Kevin Warwick talking about his work

An interesting video of Kevin Warwick talking about his work.

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A little bit graphic, he talks about the implants he has had done and what they have enabled him to do. Both himself and his wife were connected for a while via their nervous systems. He talks about future developments (it is from 1998 I think)- where people could be connected brain to brain, or having your brain connected directly to the internet.

I don’t know how this sits with me. He says that for example cybernetics will have a big influence on education- data can be sent directly to your brain, and medicine- possible cures via electronic pulses. Didn’t having the whole world of info at your fingertips (via the internet) not feel as empowering as it should have had, until Web 2 made everybody connect with eachother as opposed to a person-data connection? If the brain was connected to the internet what  would happen to the challenge and satisfaction of learning? Would we even be bothered? Wouldn’t it also be dangerous- being wired up via transmitters and cerebral connections might give us more control, but would also make us susceptible  to being controlled? A PC virus is bad enough but one in the head!

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Summary Week 6

Week 6 finished already..
This week I tried to incorporate more varied sources into my lifestream, so added a few new accounts. I’ve been doing a bit of digging into the idea of an online culture of musicians, and generally continuing to explore the idea of online ethnography. I found a couple of interesting videos on Vimeo- one looking at how different students use computers at a uni lab, one looking at Serbia and another showing some ethnography research (the last two not having much to do with an online environment). Three very different subjects and different approaches to ethnography again. I went through some of the example readings of ethnography studies and some more online definitions which I’ve added to the lifestream (which has a bit of a mind of its own!) and am thinking about how I will approach the presentation of my study, and also what details I will actually present. From the different studies/ definitions/ websites I’ve looked at I’ve noted a few headings/ concepts/ideas/approaches so now I’ll see which I could apply to my online community and see what I come up with. As it’s a musical community I’d like to present findings with some music as well as text so I’ll see what I can use- if I have the time.

Another example of ‘what is ethnography’

http://www.vimeo.com/3248398

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Class Ethnography

Study of how different students use campus computers. Getting an understanding of some of the different approaches I think..

http://www.vimeo.com/986157

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